Art of making sheets for tinning.



N0. 827,696. PATENTBD JULY 31, 1906.

W. P. LEWIS. ART 0F MAKING SHEETS FOR TINNING.

APPLIOATIOI FILED NOV. 23, 1905.

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WITNESSES INVENTOR W' mmfwa ATTORNEY WILLIAM r. LEWIS, OE CANTON, OHIO.

ART OF MAKlNG. SHEETS- Fon TINNING..

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 31, 1906.

Continuation of application Serial No. 240,453, filed January 10,1905. This application led November 23, 1905. Serial No. 288,653.

vTo all whom, it may concern:

and to reduce the same to sheets ofthe thin` ner gages usually required for the body of a tinned sheet.

When copper sheets are welded or united `on the sides of an iron or steel base-bar, hereinafter referred ,to as steel, and the composite bar is then reduced by rolling, the gage to'which the sheets can be made is limited toV the action of the rolls on a single sheet, be-

cause if one sheet is placed upon another or doubled upon itself, 'like steel sheets are usually :manipulated for rolling to the thinner gages, the copper faces will adhere to each other or to the rolls, and the sheetswill sometimes be partly welded together, which result is no doubt due to the fact that'the copper becomes considerably softer than the steel when heated sufhciently for the rolling, and for the same reason if copper-coated plates are reduced to sheets byrolling the co per is liable to'be ruptured by the action of tle rolls on the eomparativelythin and soft coating, and the steel is thus exposed, and, furthermore, any roughness or projections there may be on the face ofeither the steel bar or the rolls is liable to puncture the copper and likeexpose the steeljnnd, again, if steel sheets are coated with ,copper by an electrolytic process'there. are usually spots on the surface of the steel to which the cop er will not adhere, places the stee is similarly exposed,` Forthese reasons it has heretofore een practically' impossible to make a thin steel sheet having thereon an absolutely continuous coating of copper, and any exposure of the steel, however slight, is manifestly a serious defect, whether the sheet is to be used with the co per exposed or is to be utilized as fpa tinned sheet. This difficulty is vovercome by ro 'i a sheet of iron or steel, hereinafter -referre to as "iron," u on the eip'osed side of the copper sheet at t e same 4the width of the finished sheet.

time the latteriis rolled upon the steel base, by means of which m'ethod the stee'l'and the copper and the iron cover can be completely.

tained by the process hereinafter more fully described, some of the features thereof being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in.

which- Figure l is a cross-section of the steel'bar, showing the preferred manner of folding `and flattening the copper and iron sheets there-` on for the first heating; Fig. 2, a similar sec# tion illustrating the composite bar at the be ginning ofthe rolling 3 Fig. 3, a similar section showing the manner of reducing two sheets together; Fig. 4, a similar section showing the two sheets doubled for further reducing; and Fig. 5, a similar section showing thedou- :bled sheets again folded for the final rolling. Similar numerals refer to similar parts*- throughout the, drawings. The base-bar l may be either of 1ron or steel or other suitable metal and is prefer-v ably formed with one side edge 2 beveled. A,

convenient size for the bar is Ordinarily eight inches wide by one-half inch thick and of such a length-say twenty inches-as is desired for The copper sheet 3 is ofthe same length as the bar and 1s of such width that it can be folded over the beveled edge of the bar and will then comletely cover both sides thereof, as shown in i 1. A twenty-sixgage sheet is a deslrab e thickness of copper to use in connection with a half-inch baseLbar. The cover-sheet 4 maybe either of iron or steel or other suitable Inetal and is of the same length as the basebar and copper sheet and Aof such Width that when it is folded over the copper sheetlike the same is folded over the base-*bar the fr ee edges 5 will overlap and project some' distance beyond the similar edges 6 and 7 of the other sheet and bar, as shown in the same. gure. A' thirty-gage sheetA is a desirable.

thickness of the iron to use in connection with the bar and sheet described above, and the overlapping of the free edges is necessary to compensate for the greater elongation of the relatively thicker steel bar and copper sheet by the action of the `rolls before they adhere IOO tween together, so that the iron will entirely cover the copper in the inished sheet; y

VThe-bar and the sheets are first cleaned by pickling'" or otherwise to be free from oxids on the surfaces to be united, and the sheets are then folded over the beveled ed e of the bar, as

described above, and then attened against the sides o`f the bar, preferably between the opposing faces of the blocks 8 and 8, which iiattening excludes the air from bethem. The bar land sheets thus-as-v sembled and flattened-together are heated in a suitable furnace to a cherry-red degree, or

I the heat tof which steel bars and platesare tered between the'contiguous surfaces while passing from the furnace to the rolls, and, furthermore, it impresses 4articles of the softened copper intb the so tened steel of the bar and particles of the likewisesoftened iron of thecovering-sheet into the cop er, as a result of which the sheets and bar a here firmly to eachother, and the composite bar thus formed is adapted to be. again heated to a cherry-red and 'then reduced between hot compressing-rolls and then again heated and reduced by rolling in the same an ordinary steel bar is manipulated. The

compressing-rolls used for reducing the com-y posite bar may be the ordinar hot rolls commonly used in rolling-mills, W ch obtain and retain their heat from the hot bars which are passed between' them as vdistinguished from the so-called cold rolls, which are likewise commonly used in rolling-mills, but which 'do not become heated, because cold sheets only are (passed between them. If cold rolls were use in carrying out this process, they would chill the thin sheets of iron and cop er on the relatively thick base-bar of steel, an thus prev ent a Wer uniting of the several lammations. A duced to a sheet of about fourteen gage, two

- sheets are 'placed iiatwise together -1n the usual manner for further reducing, as shown 1n Fig. 3. In this relation they are heated as before androlled down to sheets of about twenty gage, when the two sheets are first separated to permit an oxidation of the iron coating and replaced vtogether and folded in the usual manner, as shown in Fig. 4, and then heated and rolled as before down td sheets of about twenty-six gage. The sheets are then opened up and again re gether, and after trlmming oi the st folded manner that en the composite bar has been relaced toedge to prevent buckling are again folded, as shown in Fig. 5, and \then heated and rolled `as before down to sheets of about thirty gage,

which 'assembling and doubling of sheets can be varied to suit the gages desired. By such successive heating and rolling the copper is, `as it were, rolled into the steel base, and the iron cover is in the same. way rolled into the copper, and the several metals are Iin this manner as intimately and completely united together as if a flux had been used between them and they had been brought to a white or welding heat 'and then rolled or hammered together in the ordinary manner. After cutting off the folded edges the several sheets are free to be separated one from another, be-

cause the covering of iron prevents the copy.

per of'one sheet from coming` into contact with the ycopper of an adjoining sheet, and the oxidation of the iron prevents the contiguous sheets from adhering. This cover of iron also protects the cop er from being ruptured or punctured by t e operation ofthe rolls and insures an absolutely continuous coating thereof on the steel, and, .further- -more, the copper -sheet is lessliable to be ruptured or punctured in this process, because the moderate heat used does not soften the metal as much as the white orweldingheatby other processes. yA coatmg o'f or other similar metal or composi required tin, zinc, tion can be applied o n the sides of the com-l posite sheet thus made in the same manner and by the same means usually employedv for similarly coating an .ordinary iron or -steel sheet after removing the iron oxid by the usualchemical bath, as of dilute sulfuric .or other suitable acid, and if it is desired to use the sheet Without tinning and with the-:cop-l per exposed the thin cover of iron can be en- IOO tirely removed by a more extendedchemical bath.

The sheets are not necessarily folded over base-.bar;but it is desirable the edge of the that the iron sheet at least should be so folded, because the several sheets are lthusv IIO convenientl held in proper place on the b'ar before the rst rolling and it is evident that other metals than steel and copper can beunited and reduced to thin sheetsby the process herein described, and also that a composite sheet having va ious numbers and arrangements of alternate steel and copperlaminations can be rolled and reduced in the same manner-leas, for instance, a sheet may be made having a layer of copper between two 4covering iron or steel laminations, in which event the steel lamjnations perform the functions of the iron covering-sheet in the arrangement of the laminationsl herein described.- y

.The process of folding a copper sheet over the edge and then Aflattening it on ing the sheet and bar together by heating thesides of va steel base-bar and of then uniting or Weld- Patent which is led and rolling and also the method of using a with the iron outside' on the side of a steel 2 5 base-bar with a beveled ed e in such rocess, which are described and i ustrated, ut not claimed herein, are included in the subjectmatter of another a plication for Letters herewith, and the improved tinned sheet having a body made of alternate laminations of iron or steel and copper described, but not claimed herein, is made the subject-matter of another application for Letters Patent filed January 10,

1905, Serial N o. 240,452.

What I claim as to secure by Letters Patent, is.-

1. In 'making a laminated sheet, the proces s of folding acopper and an iron sheet with the iron outside over the edge of a steel bar and flattening them on the sides thereof, then bringin all to. a rolling heat and passing them fo ded edge irst between hot compressing-rolls, and then reducing to the desired gage. 2. In making a laminated sheet, the process of flattening a copper and an iron sheet my invention7 and desire bar, then bringing all to a rolling heat and passing them between hot compressing-rolls, and then reducingto the desired gage.

3.' Inmaking a laminated sheet, the process of attening together alternate layers of steel and copper with an iron sheet outside folded over one edge, then bringing all to a rolling heat and passing them folded edge first between hot compressing-rolls, and then reducing to the desired gage.

4. In making a laminated sheet, the process of flattening together alternate layers of andthen bringing all to a rolling heat and passing them between hot compressing-rolls.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

g WILLIAM P. LEWIS. Witnesses: HARRY FREASE,

OBnD C. BILLMAN.

steel and copper with an iron sheet outside, 

